Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that is the most dangerous. Some people are more at risk than others, due to the presence of certain risk factors. The article lists out the various risk factors for melanoma that people should be aware of.

Exposure to the sun
One of the risk factors for melanoma is exposure to the sun. Those who spend a lot of time outside in the sun, especially during the hours of midday are exposed to the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun. If they do not have sufficient protection in the form of sunscreen or protective clothing, the risk increases.

Having fair skin
Those who are fair-skinned are at a higher risk of developing melanoma than those with darker skin. Fair-skinned people have lesser melanin pigment in the skin and as a result, are at more risk from UV radiation. This does not mean that those with darker skin will not get melanoma.

Those who have blond or red hair, blue eyes, and freckles are at a higher risk as compared to others.

Geographical area
Studies have shown that those who live near the equator experience the sunrays at its strongest and are at risk of receiving more UV rays. Similarly, those who live in places with higher elevation are at a higher risk of exposure to UV rays.

Family history increases risk
Anyone whose family members have had melanoma is at a higher risk of developing this form of skin cancer. Those whose parents, siblings, or children have had melanoma should be careful as they too have a higher likelihood of developing this cancer.

Moles
Moles are common and can be seen on the skin in most people. However, if someone has an excess number of moles on the body (more than 50), then it could be a cause for concern.

Moles that are large in size, irregular in shape, or have a different color from other moles pose a risk. People with such moles should immediately see a doctor.

Indoor tanning
All those who use tanning beds or sun lamps to tan their skin are at a higher risk of developing melanoma. Similarly, those who spend time in the sun to tan themselves without using proper sunscreen are susceptible as well.

Weakened immunity
Those whose immune system is weakened are at a higher risk of developing melanoma. Those having other forms of cancer, AIDS, or have undergone an organ transplant would have a weak immune system. They are more likely to get melanoma, especially if they are exposed to UV rays.

The article listed the various risk factors for melanoma. All those who are at risk must carry out self-examination of their skin and get regular checkups done so that if any case of melanoma is detected at an early stage, it can be treated on time.